Dưới đây là các từ vựng theo chủ đề và các từ vựng hay trong IELTS READING sách CAMBRIDGE IELTS 9 – Test 2 – Passage 3: A neuroscientist reveals how to think differently nhé
Từ vựng hay dùng cho nhiều chủ đề khác nhau
COLLOCATIONS AND USEFUL EXPRESSIONS
- occur (v) (B2) = to happen (xảy ra)
Examples:
Three major events occurred in my life that year.
Opportunities for learning occur spontaneously every day.
- trace sth (back) to sth = to find the origin or cause of sth (tìm ra nguồn gốc hoặc nguyên nhân)
Example:
The style of these paintings can be traced back to early medieval influences.
- utilize sth (v) (C1) = to use sth for a particular purpose (sử dụng)
Example:
We must consider how best to utilize what resources we have.
- revolutionary (adj) /ˌrevəˈluːʃəneri/ (C1) = completely new and different, especially in a way that leads to great improvements (hoàn toàn mới mẻ và khác biệt (đặc biệt có thể đem đến sự cải tiến lớn))
Example:
The new cancer drug is a revolutionary breakthrough.
- born out of sth (idiom) = has occurred because of sth (xảy ra là bởi vì điều gì đó)
Examples:
Like so many things, this trend was born out of necessity.
The recent unrest in the city is born out of years of neglect of the city’s poor neighborhoods.
- constraint (n) /kənˈstreɪnt/ (C1) = a thing that limits sth (sự giới hạn, thứ giới hạn)
COLLOCATIONS:
constraints of time/money/space: sự giới hạn về thời gian/tiền bạc/không gian
financial/economic/legal constraints: sự giới hạn về tài chính/kinh tế/pháp luật
Examples:
Their decision to abandon the trip was made because of financial constraints.
Water shortages in the area will be the main constraint on development.
- irrelevant (adj) /ɪˈreləvənt/ (C1) = not important to or connected with a situation (không quan trọng hoặc không liên quan)
Examples:
Their old hard-won skills were irrelevant.
The choice of subject matter is irrelevant.
- march to (the beat of) a different drummer |march to a different drumbeat (idiom) = to behave in a different way from other people; to have different attitudes or ideas (cư xử khác thường; có tư tưởng khác biệt)
Examples:
He was a gifted and original artist who marched to a different drummer.
His friends went to college, but she marched to a different drumbeat and moved to the city to be an actor.
- suffer from sth (v) = to be badly affected by sth (bị ảnh hưởng trầm trọng bởi thứ gì)
COLLOCATIONS:
to suffer from a disease/an illness/a condition
to suffer from depression/problem
Example:
Increasing numbers of children are suffering from health problems.
- impede (v) /ɪmˈpiːd/ = to interfere with or slow the progress of sth (ngăn cản sự tiến triển của thứ gì)
Example:
This will likely impede progress in various fields and undermine China’s global competitiveness.
- confront /kənˈfrʌnt/ (C1) = to face, meet, or deal with a difficult situation or person (đối mặt với, đương đầu với)
Example:
I was confronted with a lot of problems when I tried to buy a house in Ho Chi Minh City.
- draw on sth (phrasal verb) = to use a supply of sth that is available to you (sử dụng nguồn cung cấp sẵn có, dựa vào cái gì đó sẵn có)
Example:
The novelist draws heavily on her personal experiences.
- make sense of sth (idiom) = to understand sth that is difficult or has no clear meaning (hiểu được cái gì)
Example:
I can’t make sense of that painting.
- shortcut (n) = a quicker way of doing sth in order to save time or effort (cách làm nhanh hơn, tiết kiệm thời gian và nỗ lực)
- fall into a trap/pitfall (idiom) = to make a mistake that many people make (mắc lỗi mà nhiều người mắc phải)
- plague (v) /pleɪɡ/ (C2) = to cause worry, pain, or difficulty to sb or sth over a period of time (gây lo lắng, đau khổ, khó khăn cho ai/cái gì)
Example:
Fears about job security plague nearly half the workforce.
- hardwired (adj) /ˌhɑːrdˈwaɪərd/ = If an ability, approach, or type of activity is hardwired into the brain, it is a basic one and cannot be changed. (là cái nền tảng và không thể thay đổi)
Example:
The desire to communicate seems to be hard-wired into our brains.
- fundamental (adj) /ˌfʌndəˈmentl/ (C2) = forming the base, from which everything else develops (cơ bản, cơ sở, chủ yếu)
Examples:
The school is based on the fundamental principle that all children should reach their full potential.
Diversity is of fundamental importance to all ecosystems and all economies.
- bombard sb/sth with sth /bɑːmˈbɑːrd/ (v) = make sb/sth face a great deal of sth (khiến cho ai đối đối mặt với quá nhiều thứ gì)
Examples:
We are bombarded daily with propaganda about what we should eat.
We’re all constantly bombarded with television advertisements.
- encounter sth (v) /ɪnˈkaʊntər/ (B2) = to experience sth, especially sth unpleasant or difficult (trải qua)
Example:
I encountered problems early in the project.
- novelty (n) /ˈnɒv.əl.ti/ (C2): thứ mới lạ, vật mới lạ, tính mới lạ
Examples:
It was fun working there at first but the novelty soon wore off (= it became boring).
The novelty of my new job soon wore off.
The sheer novelty of the band’s performance won them many fans.
Electric-powered cars are still something of a novelty.
- expose sb to sth (B2) = to provide sb with the opportunity to experience new ideas, activities, etc. so that they can learn about them (để cho ai đó có cơ hội tiếp xúc/trải nghiệm thứ gì đó mới mẻ)
Examples:
Some children are never exposed to classical music.
Exposing children to competitive activities can help them to develop vital skills such as determination, perseverance and resilience.
- embrace (v) /ɪmˈbreɪs/ (C1) = to accept sth enthusiastically (chấp nhận thứ gì một cách háo hức)
Example:
Most West European countries have embraced the concept of high-speed rail networks with enthusiasm.
- trigger sth (v) /ˈtrɪɡər/ (B2) = causes sth to begin to happen or exist (gây ra)
Example:
The current recession was triggered by a slump in consumer spending.
- impediment (n) /ɪmˈpedɪmənt/ = sth that delays or stops the progress of sth (cái làm cản trở sự tiến triển)
Example:
But at the Homeless World Cup, where all the traditional impediments to success are stripped away, they’re allowed to succeed.
- stop/halt sb in their tracks (idiom) = to suddenly make sb stop by frightening or surprising them (khiến cho ai đó ngưng làm thứ gì)
Examples:
A sudden loud scream stopped me in my tracks (= caused me suddenly to stop what I was doing).
The disease was stopped in its tracks by immunization programmes.
- inhibit sth (v) /ɪnˈhɪbɪt/ (C1) = to prevent sth from happening (cản trở thứ gì xảy ra)
Example:
High tuition fees can inhibit access to higher education.
- trivial (adj) /ˈtrɪviəl/ = not important or serious; not worth considering (không quan trọng, không đáng để xem xét)
Example:
I couldn’t really be bothered to argue over something so trivial like that for a long time.
- afflict (v) /əˈflɪkt/ = to affect sb/sth in an unpleasant or harmful way (ảnh hưởng ai/cái gì (theo một cách gây khó chịu hoặc hư hại))
Examples:
The lack of affordable and high-quality early childhood care and education afflicts the whole nation.
Asthma afflicts 6 million children, many of whom grow up in poor neighborhoods.
- explosion (n) /ɪkˈspləʊʒn/ (B2) = a large, sudden or rapid increase in the amount or number of sth (sự bùng nổ, sự gia tăng nhanh chóng thứ gì)
Example:
The region has experienced a population explosion.
- coordinate (v) /kəʊˈɔːrdɪneɪt/ (C1) = to make many different things work effectively as a whole (phối hợp, sắp xếp để hoạt động hiệu quả cùng nhau)
Example:
E-commerce has enabled us to coordinate international operations.
- convince sb/yourself (v) /kənˈvɪns/ (B1) = to make sb/yourself believe that sth is true (làm cho ai đó tin)
PHRASES:
convince sb/yourself of sth
to try/manage/fail to convince sb/yourself
Examples:
I’ll need to convince them of my enthusiasm for the job.
It is difficult to convince the public of the need for change.
- make or break (idiom) = to make sth a success or a failure(mang lại thành công hoặc thất bại)
Example:
She has the power to make or break your career.
- be/become intertwined (with sth) = to be or become very closely connected with sth else (kết nối chặt chẽ)
Examples:
The problems of crime and unemployment are closely intertwined.
The city’s prosperity is inextricably intertwined with the fortunes of the factory.
- accomplish sth (v) /əˈkɑːmplɪʃ/ (B2) = to succeed in doing or completing sth (thành công đạt được)
Example:
There are several different ways to accomplish the same task.
- asset (n) /ˈæset/ (C1) = a person or thing that is valuable or useful (người, vật giá trị/hữu ích)
Example:
Being able to speak a foreign language is a major asset.
Từ vựng về chủ đề nghiên cứu Thần Kinh Học
neuroscientist (n): nhà thần kinh học
the firing patterns of neurons: các mẫu tế bào thần kinh kích hoạt
neuroeconomics (n): Kinh tế học thần kinh
iconoclastic (adj) /aɪˌkɑːnəˈklæstɪk/: (thuộc) chỉ trích, phê phán những tín ngưỡng lâu đời (coi là sai lầm hoặc mê tín dị đoan)
iconoclast (n) /aɪˈkɒn.ə.klæst/: người chỉ trích, phê phán những tín ngưỡng lâu đời
iconoclasm /aɪˈkɑːnəklæzəm/ (n): sự phê phán những tín ngưỡng lâu đời (cho là sai lầm hoặc mê tín dị đoan)
perception (n) /pərˈsep.ʃən/: sự nhận thức
perceptual (adj) /pərˈseptʃuəl/: thuộc về nhận thức
physical stimuli from the senses: các kích thích vật lý từ các giác quan
conjecture (n) /kənˈdʒektʃər/: sự phỏng đoán
perceptual process: quá trình nhận thức
phobia /ˈfəʊbiə/ (n): sự ám ảnh, nỗi sợ hãi
a common variant of human nature: một biến thể thông thường của bản chất con người
neuroscience (n): khoa học thần kinh
brain circuits: các mạch trong não
social cognition: nhận thức về xã hội
Prepared by Ms.Dung
Tags: ielts, IELTS READING
